Note that this will not incorporate upstream changes into the feature branch. If you want to re-write the entire feature using this method, the git merge-base command can be useful to find the original base of the feature branch. The following returns the commit ID of the original base, which you can then pass to git rebase :. This use of interactive rebasing is a great way to introduce git rebase into your workflow, as it only affects local branches.
The only thing other developers will see is your finished product, which should be a clean, easy-to-follow feature branch history. But again, this only works for private feature branches. There is no git merge alternative for cleaning up local commits with an interactive rebase. In the Conceptual Overview section, we saw how a feature branch can incorporate upstream changes from main using either git merge or git rebase.
Merging is a safe option that preserves the entire history of your repository, while rebasing creates a linear history by moving your feature branch onto the tip of main. This use of git rebase is similar to a local cleanup and can be performed simultaneously , but in the process it incorporates those upstream commits from main. This can happen when collaborating on the same feature with another developer and you need to incorporate their changes into your repository.
By default, the git pull command performs a merge, but you can force it to integrate the remote branch with a rebase by passing it the --rebase option. If you use pull requests as part of your code review process, you need to avoid using git rebase after creating the pull request.
Re-writing its history will make it impossible for Git and your teammates to track any follow-up commits added to the feature. Any changes from other developers need to be incorporated with git merge instead of git rebase. After a feature has been approved by your team, you have the option of rebasing the feature onto the tip of the main branch before using git merge to integrate the feature into the main code base.
This also gives you the chance to squash any follow-up commits added during a pull request. For example:. If you would prefer a clean, linear history free of unnecessary merge commits, you should reach for git rebase instead of git merge when integrating changes from another branch. On the other hand, if you want to preserve the complete history of your project and avoid the risk of re-writing public commits, you can stick with git merge.
Either option is perfectly valid, but at least now you have the option of leveraging the benefits of git rebase. Learn about code review in Bitbucket Cloud Create a repository Clone and make a change on a new branch If you're using command line If you're using Sourcetree Create a pull request to merge your change. Learn branching in Bitbucket Cloud Get set up Review branching workflow.
Learn undoing changes with Bitbucket Cloud git status git log git reset git revert. Beginner What is version control Benefits of version control. Source Code Management. Why Git for your Organization Git for developers Git for marketing Git for product management Git for designers Git for customer support Git for human resources Git for anyone managing a budget. Git SSH. Git archive. Git Cheatsheet. Getting Started Setting up a repository git init git clone git config git alias.
Saving changes git add git commit git diff git stash. Inspecting a repository git status git tag git blame. Undoing changes git checkout git clean git revert git reset git rm. If you or a partner does find it necessary at some point, make sure everyone knows to run git pull --rebase to try to make the pain after it happens a little bit simpler.
So what if there was a messy series of merge commits? The opposing point of view is that the commit history is the story of how your project was made. Git is a powerful tool, and allows you to do many things to and with your history, but every team and every project is different.
Getting Started 1. Git Basics 2. Git Branching 3. Git on the Server 4. Distributed Git 5. GitHub 6. Git Tools 7. Customizing Git 8. Git and Other Systems 9. Git Internals Appendix C: Git Commands A3. The Basic Rebase If you go back to an earlier example from Basic Merging , you can see that you diverged your work and made commits on two different branches. Applying: added staged command. Figure Rebasing the change introduced in C4 onto C3.
To rebase a Git branch using the command line, you will start by checking out the branch that contains the changes you want to rewrite onto a target branch. You will start by running the following commands:. This is telling us that the last commit on the feature-branch has been updated.
Now, if there are changes to the remote of your target branch, you will need to start by pulling the latest changes from that remote branch. In this example, your target branch is still main ; you start by performing a Git pull to fetch changes from your remote. After the pull is completed, you move on by checking out your hotfix branch and then rebasing onto main. Sometimes, attempting to rebase a Git branch can result in conflicting changes which need to be resolved before the action can be completed.
When Git detects conflicting changes, it will pause the rebase at the erroneous commit. You will have to leave the terminal to open the conflicting files in your preferred external editor to decide which pieces of code you want to keep, and which you want to discard.
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